Introduction
Bringing a new pet home is an exciting milestone, but it can come with unexpected challenges. Many adopters face normal but frustrating behaviors early on, and these moments can feel overwhelming. Understanding why pets are returned to shelters and how quickly this happens helps us support successful adoptions and happier homes.
Research Background
Pet returns to shelters are a persistent concern for animal welfare organizations, often linked to behavioral challenges. While serious behavioral problems get attention, common nuisance behaviors are frequently overlooked as major drivers of returns. This study addresses the lack of data on the timing and nature of behavior-related pet returns, highlighting where intervention might be most effective.
Study Details
- Researchers analyzed intake data from approximately 313,500 dogs and cats across 19 shelter organizations.
- The focus was on pets returned after adoption, examining the reasons and timing of these returns.
- Return reasons were categorized, with particular attention to behavior-related returns.
- The study tracked how quickly returns occurred after adoption, especially those linked to nuisance behaviors.
Key Findings
Primary Results
- Behavior issues are the leading cause of pet returns: Most pets returned to shelters are brought back because of behavioral concerns, not medical or logistical issues.
- Nuisance behaviors drive most returns: Common, normal behaviors such as barking or scratching—not severe aggression or anxiety—are the primary reasons adopters return pets.
- Returns happen rapidly: Over one-third of all behavior-related returns occur within the first week after adoption.
- Median time to return for nuisance behaviors is just 3 days, and 66% of these returns happen within the first month.
Secondary Findings
- The critical window for intervention is within days of adoption, not weeks or months.
- The majority of behavior issues reported are typical settling-in behaviors, suggesting a mismatch between adopter expectations and normal pet adjustment periods.
- There is no significant indication that complex or severe behavioral problems are the main driver of early returns in this large sample.
Implications for Pet Owners
What This Means for You
- Expect an Adjustment Period: Most pets will display normal, sometimes annoying behaviors—such as barking, scratching, or accidents—when settling into a new home. These are not signs of a “bad” pet, but part of the transition.
- Act Early: The first week is crucial. Proactively reach out for advice or support if you’re struggling with nuisance behaviors. Many issues can be addressed before they escalate.
- Seek Guidance, Not Guilt: Feeling overwhelmed is common, but returning a pet often stems from unmet expectations rather than unsolvable problems. Shelters and veterinarians can help you navigate challenges.
- Prepare and Prevent: Before adopting, learn about typical behaviors in your chosen species and breed. Set up your home to minimize triggers for unwanted behaviors, such as providing scratching posts for cats or chew toys for dogs.
- Utilize Available Resources: Many shelters offer post-adoption support, including behavior hotlines or training classes. Taking advantage of these services can make a significant difference in your pet’s adjustment.
When to Consult Your Veterinarian
- Persistent aggression, fear, or anxiety beyond normal settling-in behaviors.
- Sudden change in appetite, energy, or elimination habits that lasts more than a few days.
- Injury to pet, family, or other animals due to behavioral outbursts.
- Unusual repetitive behaviors (e.g., constant pacing, self-harm).
- You are unsure if a behavior is normal or medical in origin.
Study Limitations
- Industry data analysis may oversimplify reasons for return.
- Regional or cultural differences in return rates and reasons were not explored.
- Follow-up outcomes for returned pets were not tracked.
- Self-reported reasons for return may be subject to bias.
- The study did not measure the impact of interventions or support services.
Bottom Line
Most pets are returned to shelters for normal nuisance behaviors, and this happens fast—often within the first week. Early support and realistic expectations can prevent many returns and build strong pet-owner relationships.
Quick Action Checklist
- Expect and plan for normal settling-in behaviors.
- Reach out to shelter or rescue for behavior support within the first days after adoption.
- Provide enrichment like toys, scratching posts, and safe spaces.
- Avoid punishment; use positive reinforcement for desired behaviors.
- Monitor your pet’s adjustment daily and keep notes on any concerns.
- Set up regular check-ins with your veterinarian or trainer.
- Educate yourself about species- and breed-specific behaviors before adoption.
- Involve all household members in training and care routines.
Disclaimer
This research brief is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional veterinary advice. If you have concerns about your pet’s behavior or health, consult your veterinarian or a qualified animal behaviorist.
